Thursday, December 26, 2019

Georges-Henri Lemaitre The Astronomer-Priest

Georges-Henri Lemaitre was the first scientist to figure out the basics of how our universe was created. His ideas led to the theory of the Big Bang, which began the expansion of the universe and influenced the creation of the first stars and galaxies. His work was once ridiculed, but the name Big Bang stuck and today this theory of the first moments of our universe is a major part of astronomy and cosmology studies. The concept of the Big Bang that Lemaitre put forth began a renaissance in scientific thinking about the conditions in the early universe. HENNING DALHOFF / Getty Images Early Life Lemaitre was born in Charleroi, Belgium on July 17, 1894. He studied humanities at a Jesuit school before entering the civil engineering school of the Catholic University of Leuven at the age of 17. When war broke out in Europe in 1914, he put his education on hold to volunteer in the Belgian army. For his service during the war, Lemaitre was awarded the Military Cross with palms. After leaving the army, Lemaitre resumed his studies, concentrating on physics and mathematics as he prepared for the priesthood. He earned a doctorate in 1920 from the Università © Catholique de Louvain (UCL) and moved on to the Malines seminary, where he was ordained as a priest in 1923.   The Curious Priest Georges-Henri Lemaitre had an insatiable curiosity about the natural world and how the objects and events we observe came into being. During his seminary years, he discovered Einsteins theory of relativity. After his ordination, he studied at the University of Cambridges solar physics laboratory from 1923–24), and then moved to the United States to study at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His research introduced him to the works of American astronomers Edwin P. Hubble and Harlow Shapley, both of whom studied the expanding universe. Hubble went on to make discoveries that proved the universe was larger than the Milky Way. An Explosive Theory Gains Ground In 1927, Lemaitre accepted a full-time position at University College London and released a paper that focused the astronomy worlds attention on him. It was called  Un Univers homogà ¨ne de masse constante et de rayon croissant rendant compte de la vitesse radiale des nà ©buleuses extragalactiques (A homogeneous universe of constant mass and growing radius accounting for the radial velocity (radial velocity: Velocity along the line of sight toward or away from the observer) of extragalactic nebulae). This Hubble image shows the Andromeda Galaxy and the variable star that Edwin P. Hubble used to determine the distance to Andromeda. His work was based on Henrietta Leavitts work on the period-luminosity relationship. The upper right image is a closeup of the starfield. The lower right image shows his chart and notes upon discovery. NASA/ESA/STScI Lemaitres paper explained the expanding universe in a new way, and within the framework of the General Theory of Relativity. Initially, many scientists—including Albert Einstein himself—were skeptical. However, further studies by Edwin Hubble  seemed to prove the theory. Initially called the Big Bang Theory by its critics, scientists adopted the name because it seemed to work well with the events that occurred in the beginning of the universe. Even Einstein was won over, standing and applauding at a Lemaitre seminar, saying This is the most beautiful and satisfactory explanation of creation to which I have ever listened. Georges-Henri Lemaitre continued to make advances in science the rest of his life. He studied cosmic rays and worked on the three-body problem. This is a classical problem in physics where the positions, masses, and velocities of three bodies in space are used to figure out their motions. His published works include Discussion sur là ©volution de lunivers (1933;  Discussion on the Evolution of the Universe) and LHypothà ¨se de L atoms primitif (1946; Hypothesis of the Primeval Atom). On March 17, 1934, he received the Francqui Prize, the highest Belgian scientific award, from King Là ©opold III, for his work on the expanding universe. In 1936, he was elected a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, where he became the president in March 1960, remaining so until his death in 1966. He was also named prelate in 1960. In 1941, he was elected member of the Royal Academy of Sciences and Arts of Belgium. In 1941, he was elected member of the Royal Academy of Sciences and Arts of Belgium. In 1950, he was given the decennial prize for applied sciences for the period 1933-1942. In 1953 he received the very first Eddington Medal award of the Royal Astronomical Society. Later Years Lemaitres theories were not always in favor, and some scientists, such as Fred Hoyle were openinly critical of it. However, in the 1960s, new observational evidence from the Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, two researchers at Bell Labs, uncovered a background radiation event that was ultimately shown to be the light signature of the Big Bang. This was in 1964 and Lemaitre, who was in failing health, was buoyed by the news. He died in 1966, and his theories have actually been proven to be largely correct. Fast Facts Georges LeMaitre trained to become a Catholic priest at the same time he studied physics and astronomy.Lemaitre was a contemporary of astronomers Edwin P. Hubble and Harlow Shapley.His work ultimately predicted the Big Bang theory, which is the creation of the universe, some 13.8 billion years ago. Sources â€Å"Profile: Georges Lemaà ®tre, Father of the Big Bang | AMNH.†Ã‚  American Museum of Natural History, www.amnh.org/learn-teach/curriculum-collections/cosmic-horizons/profile-georges-lemaitre-father-of-the-big-bang.Shehab Khan ShehabKhan. â€Å"Everything You Need to Know about Georges Lemaà ®tre.†Ã‚  The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 17 July 2018, www.independent.co.uk/news/science/georges-lemaitre-priest-universe-expanding-big-bang-hubble-space-cosmic-egg-astronomer-physics-a8449926.html.User, Super. â€Å"A Day Without Yesterday: Georges Lemaitre the Big Bang.†Ã‚  Catholic Education Resource Center, www.catholiceducation.org/en/science/faith-and-science/a-day-without-yesterday-georges-lemaitre-amp-the-big-bang.html. Revised and edited by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Why I Want to Join the US Infantry - 960 Words

As an American, you are granted special freedoms that many others do not have, but do you know why you are able to have those freedoms? Is it the politicians? No, it is the men and women in uniform fighting overseas. As the backbone of our military, the infantryman plays a valuable role in the success of our armed forces. Many people know of our nation’s heroes. Unfortunately, many do not know what they do, the strength they need to do it, or how they undertook the task of joining the United State’s infantry. First of all, what do they even do? I have come to find out that there is a lot more to a soldier than â€Å"point and shoot†. Most of what they do is not even combat related. For example, one of the important tasks they are trained to do is protect the data that they collect. This includes knowing how to safely transport it from point A to point B, without the information being damaged or compromised. An infantryman also has to know how to operate and maintain the communication devices that they are are issued. If they do not sufficiently know how to use the equipment they are given, they are not only running the risk of themselves being harmed, but the others around them. Ever wondered how they keep themselves protected in the open areas? They are trained for that too. They are taught how to dig foxholes, build bunkers, set up camouflage, and build other types of fortifications. Without the knowledge to do so, they would be susceptible to enemy fire, andShow MoreRelatedWomen Should Be Integrated Into Combat Positions1057 Words   |  5 PagesWomen should be integrated into combat positions such as infantry, artillery, and Special Forces. If a woman chooses this kind of challenge, then she is more than capable. Women are as tough as men. They can do what a man can do, and if that is going into combat then yes, why not? 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The first and foremost answer would be the sinking of the Lusitania, an British cruise/transportRead MoreMilitary History / Book Review The Rough Riders Essay1361 Words   |  6 PagesKatherine Agurcia December 4, 2016 Military History/ Book Review 3 â€Å"The Rough Riders† was a very well-known infantry, name given to the first U. S Volunteer Cavalry during 1898. Before becoming President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt leader the Cavalry along with Colonel Leonard Wood as second in command. The Rough Riders were part of the Spanish-American war; Battle of the Guasmas, Battle of San Jun Hill and Seige of Santiago. Roosevelt goes into details about his journey to CubaRead MoreBenjamin Oliver Davis Jr.1724 Words   |  7 Pagespioneer for the black soldier and an influence to his son. At 13 years of age, Benjamin attended a barnstorming exhibition at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington D.C. formally know then as Bolling Field. A pilot on the Base offered Benjamin a chance to join him for a ride in his plane, he enjoyed it so much from that moment forward he was determined to pilot a plane of his own one-day. With his father moving around a lot because of his military duties, Benjamin graduated from Central High School in ClevelandRead MoreHeinlein : New York : Putnam1526 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Brain Bug† which was the leader of all the other bugs. After starting his plan, he finds out his father also joined the military which infuriates him because his father did not want Rico to join himself. As the book comes to an end Rico is the lieutenant of the Roughnecks with his father fighting along beside him, which led us readers to think that the final victory against the arachnids actually ended up being an invitation from Klendathu itself. KEY TERMS: 1.â€Å"Disobedience of orders, same conditions†-

Monday, December 9, 2019

Value of Education in 21st Century free essay sample

There is some bias and exaggerations to these statements, but overall Americans do work more than other Europeans, the same can’t be said however, for the nation’s youth. Unfortunately, the vigorous work ethic and strive to learn has not rubbed of on the nation’s children. American children have school for only 180 days year, compared to the 195 days in Germany and 200 in East Asia.Furthermore, they only have about 2-3 hours of homework per night and are not pressured by society to take extra classes after school; a fact that appalls nations such as Japan and India, whose children take after school classes regularly to help them with their studies. Americans also have the shortest school day, a mere six and half hours, all packed into the morning and early afternoon. Countries such as Denmark and Sweden boast a staggering 40 to 50 hour school week, making some American education reforms re-think they way the write guidelines for the nation’s schools. This morning to early afternoon school schedule gives children the opportunity to engage in some extra-curricular activities, such as soccer, tennis, or art. This is good, since the child can venture out and find something that he or she is good at, however the benefits of this are only short-term for they don’t really help the child progress further academically. The U. S needs to lengthen the school day to emphasize the fact that fun and games aren’t everything, and children should engage in something educational after school, to help them in their studies.When summer rolls around in early to mid June, all the material that is learned over the year is quickly forgotten as the lack of practice takes effect. The three month stretch serves as an education eraser, as the typical student forgets about two months of material, commonly called summer leaning loss. American scholars noticed however that this isn’t true for all American children. Children coming from poor families tend to do worse academically because of weak family bonds and are therefore more susceptible to learning loss.Richer kids, on the other hand, improve, for their parents send them to camps and classes to stimulate their minds, and encourage them to do something productive over the summer. The importance of learning in enabling the individual to put his potentials to optimal use is self-evident. Without education, the training of the human minds is incomplete. No individual is a human being in the working world until he has been educated in the proper sense. Now Im not saying youre not a human being without education. The mind was made to be trained and without education, a person is incomplete in that sense.Education makes man a right thinker and a correct decision-maker. It achieves this by bringing him knowledge from the external world, teaching him to reason, and acquainting him with past history, so that he may be a better judge of the present. Without education, man, as it were, is shut up in a windowless room. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outside world. In other words, people who are not educated have less opportunity to do what they want to do. A person that gets a good education will become a more dependable worker, a better citizen, and a stronger consumer.For example, people would rather higher an educated man rather than a non-educated person. When looking at the long-term effects of an education, our economy needs these educated people to know how to keep the economy efficient and not get into a bind in the future. Someone said if they were Bill Gates ( Since he is very educated), would he understand the economy better? Of course not but thats not what I am trying to say. How advanced do you think the computer would be without him? The more educated someone is, the more knowledge one obtains on different subjects.Each person has a different level of understanding for each subject there is to learn about. That is why there are experts in every field you could go into and each part is a piece of the puzzle that makes this world/economy grow. Education for me starts at the most basic of levels, the home. From the time we are old enough to walk and talk we observe and mimmick the actions of those around us. By the time we begin school we already have an openess or close mindedness to learning new things. How we are encouraged in our youth by the adult influences determines if a child has the confidence in him/herself to want to do well in school.This is reinforced when a child does well they are praised and rewarded for their efforts. There are many ways our communities across the state are affected by how well our children are educated. One example of how we are affected is the correlation between the high school dropout rate and the unemployment rate in North Carolina which in turn affects the crime rate. Its no surprise that the crime rate is connected to the dropout rate because 85% of all drug and burglary crimes committed are between the ages of 16-30 and 60% of these have reported dropping out of school.Without the proper education individuals are forced to live lives of crime simply because they were never encouraged or came from a household where the parents themselves werent highly educated and thus didnt push the need to learn on the child. This affects us all because the more we leave behind the less oppurtunity we have as a community to better our selves and change the notion that being smart isnt cool or the right way to be thus giving our communities across the state more individuals who care about educating its people and building our neighborhoods for the future.I dont believe that we are all affected directly by the issue of education in this country because all of us dont come from areas where poverty is a common thing. I believe that the individuals who have to come from these backgrounds are at a disadvantage from an academic standpoint because they are not afforded the same oppurtunities as those who attend private schools. Over the past several years, reforms have been made to several hundred schools across the country.These schools, part of the Knowledge is Power Program (KIPP) start the school day at 7. 30am and end at 5pm, and have more instructional days than the average American school. These fortunate students get 60% more education than the average American child. The county’s economy is also tied with education. A recent report from McKinsey, a management consultancy, emphasizes that the ghastly performance of the country’s school children has caused more devastation on the economy than the recession.Barrack Obama has urged school administrators to â€Å"rethink the school day†, arguing that â€Å"we can no longer afford an academic calendar designed for when America was a nation of farmers who needed their children at home ploughing the land at the end of each day. †America needs to ‘buck up it’s act, if it want to remain the most powerful and influential country in the world, by ensuring the education of its future generations. When summer rolls around in early to mid June, all the material that is learned over the year is quickly fo rgotten as the lack of practice takes effect. The three month stretch serves as an ‘education eraser’, as the typical student forgets about two months of material. American scholars noticed however that this isn’t true for all American children. Children coming from poor families tend to do worse academically because of weak family bonds and are therefore more susceptible to learning loss. Richer kids, on the other hand, improve, for their parents send them to camps and classes to stimulate their minds, and encourage them to do something productive over the summer.As Americas education is slowly regressing, it must reconsider the lifestyle of its youth because in the near future they could be left unemployed. Countries such as India are gaining up on America because of their value placed on education and work ethic, replacing Americans in a lot of professions. To stop this from happening we must re-evaluate the culture of our youth, Education is Americas past, present, future. Education in America is boiling away like water in a heated pan. Education is the basis of our society as we need it to strive in this world.Education is evaporating in America as 12th-graders recently tested below the international average for 21 countries in mathematics and science. If amends arent made to global education the world will begin a slow, spiraling, descent toward an inevitable oblivion. In Mathematics About one-third of the fourth-graders and one-fifth of the eighth-graders cannot perform basic mathematical computations. One of the reasons our youth is unable succeed like its competition is because of the schooling of their teachers.As some of us might know there are serious problem with the education of our teachers. In 45 states 640,000 children who wanted to take science and math courses could not do so for lack of teachers. Education in Asia is growing rapidly as it replaces jobs of Americans. Education in Asia is on the verge of exploding to its peak. Education is the road to triumph. In countries like India the young are packed off to coaching classes to prepare them for entry into the competitive colleges.Americans also have the shortest school day, a mere six and half hours, all packed into the morning and early afternoon. Countries such as Denmark and Sweden boast a staggering 40 to 50 hour school week, making some American education reforms re-think the way they write guidelines for the nation’s schools. If this blatent disregaurg for education continues I believe we will begin to lose the respect of many other countries as being innovative, nurishing creativity and, ingenuity hindering us in the global markets as all of the world will surpass our abilities and the great minds the U.S. is known for will be far and few between affecting our economic, academic, and social standing in the world. When faced with the problem of educating the youth and ensuring their future their are a few solutions I think of that would drastically change our outlook in the world rankings and more importantly our communities. The first would be to increase the school day and the school year. The U. S needs to lengthen the school day to emphasize the fact that fun and games aren’t everything, and children should engage in something educational after school, to help them in their studies. I am also for continued education during the summer, and this is where other educational opportunities could be incorporated that cant be fit in during the regular school year, those things that are now on the chopping block and which help to make a well rounded individual. Education should be thought of as a total education including those areas beyond the hard academics, especially for those students that do not fit into the academic mold. These students should have other learning challenges they can look forward to, as well as possibly learning other skills that would make them employable.Other jobs that dont require a college education are just as important, and an educational system should encourage and help students find their niche. Another example would be to change the English program to really learn how to read with comprehension; articles, newspapers, documents, financial agreements, leases, and the like of which they will encounter, being able to speak to a minimal degree about what was read, and definitely in various situations with other people and, writing in different capacities, from the letter, to the resume, to the term paper.

Monday, December 2, 2019

While The Auto Waits monologue Essay Example For Students

While The Auto Waits monologue Essay A monologue from the play by O. Henry GIRL: I will excuse the remark you have just made because the mistake was, doubtless, not an unnatural one—in your circle. I asked you to sit down; if the invitation must constitute me your honeysuckle, consider it withdrawn. Now, tell me about these people passing and crowding, each way, along these paths. Where are they going? Why do they hurry so? Are they happy? How fascinating they seem to me—rushing about with their petty little dreams and their common worries! I come here to sit because here, only, can I be near the great, common, throbbing heart of humanity. My part in life is cast where its beating is never felt. Can you surmise why I spoke to you, Mr. Parkenstacker? It is simply impossible to keep one\s name out of the papers. Or even one\s portrait. This veil and this hat—my maid’s, of course—are my only protection. They furnish me with an incog. You should have seen the chauffeur staring when he thought I did not see. Candidly, there are five or six names that belong in the holy of holies, and mine, by the accident of birth, is one of them. I spoke to you, Mr. Stackenpot, because I wanted to talk, for once, with a natural man—a real man—one unspoiled by the despicable gloss of wealth and supposed social superiority. Oh! You have no idea how weary I am of it—money, money, money! And of the men who surround me, dancing like little marionettes all cut from the same pattern. We will write a custom essay on While The Auto Waits monologue specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I am sick of pleasure, of jewels, of travel, of society, of luxuries of all kinds! A competence is to be desired, certainly. But when you have so many millions that—! It is the monotony of it that palls. Drives, dinners, theatres, balls, suppers, balls, dinners, more balls, followed of course by dinners and suppers, with the gilding of superfluous wealth over it all. Sometimes the very tinkle of the ice in my champagne glass nearly drives me mad. You must understand that we of the non-useful class depend for our amusement upon departure from precedent. Just now it is a fad to put ice in champagne. The idea was originated by a visiting Prince of Tartary while dining at the Waldorf. It will soon give way to some other whim. Just as, at a dinner party this week on Madison Avenue, a green kid glove was laid by the plate of each guest to be put on and used while eating olives. These special diversions of the inner circle do not become familiar to the common public, of course. We a re drawn to that which we do not understand. For my part, I have always thought that if I should ever love a man it would be one of lowly station. One who is a worker and not a drone. But, doubtless, the claims of caste and wealth will prove stronger than my inclination. Just now I am besieged by two suitors. One is Grand Duke of a German principality. I think he has, or has had, a wife, somewhere, driven mad by his intemperance and cruelty. The other is an English Marquis, so cold and mercenary that I prefer even the diabolical nature of the Duke. What is it that impels me to tell you these things, Mr. Packenwacker? I am sure you understand when I say there are certain expectations of a young lady in my position. It would be such a disappointment to certain members of my family if I were to marry a commoner as we like to call them. You simply cannot imagine the scandal it would cause. All the magazines would remark upon it. I might even be cut off from the family fortune. And yet †¦ no calling could be too humble were the man I loved all that I wish him to be.