Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Law - Essay ExampleThe principle established in this case is what is sometimes referred to as the Principle of state indebtedness in European Union law. The European Court in this case held that the Government of Italy had gaped its obligations and was therefore liable to pay allowance to workers who had suffered loss as a result of the breach. The flirt went on further to state that such damages should be made available in matters in advance various national courts. However, before such remedies could be made available, wholeness had to prove that the directive he is alleging has not been implemented conferred upon him some specific rights that could be identified as well as an existing link between failure to implement it and the loss occasioned. It encompasses the doctrine of indirect effect where national courts argon required to ensure enforcement of European Union obligations and ensure that interpretation of domestic law is consistent with the directives of the E uropean Union. It can be said to be an superfluous and corollary of the direct effect doctrine. It is very vital in the enforcement of European Union law and rights that cast off been breached by private individuals in what is seen as a plane effect. Since directives usually bedevil direct effect concerning claims on those directives on private individuals, it is therefore prudent to note that domestic law could be the only one that provides a basis for commencing an action against someone. The national courts atomic number 18 therefore expected to make sure that they interpret domestic law consistently with the directives given by the European Union. However this is only possible where the national law is not entirely inconsistent with the European Union law. The European Community is now entryway into many international agreements in its capacity as an independent party. The agreements it enters into qualify to be community law in so far as they are covered by the competence of the community. Before community law can be effective, there must be liability on the part of process state. This is what led to the question as to whether a private individual can make a member state liable where they are in breach of an international agreement. It is good to note that the European Communitys relations externally are mainly characterized by existing legal and political conditions, the process as to whether an individual can sue a member state pass on be shaped by the jurisprudence of the courts. This therefore depends on the will of the court to give effect to its earlier jurisprudence. This is the jurisprudence by the court that answered the question in the affirmative. However, the principle remains uncertain in majority of the cases. In R. v. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ex parte Hedley Lomas, 1996 ECR I-2580, para. 104, the court upheld the decision in Francovich that there was need to ensure that community law was effective which could on ly be achieved through its uniform application. The court held that member liability which was inherent was one of the greatest to secure effectiveness of the community law. The court developed principles through which it could be possible to extend the liability of member states to cover external relations as well. The principle developed by the court was that first it was important to determine whether such international agreements have eventually formed community law worth of according primacy. This concept has been further developed by courts as evidence by the many decisions that have been delivered by the courts. For example the court in the case of Dillenkoffer